Similar to analogy tests and verbal analogy tests, logical reasoning tests are designed to measure your ability to draw logical conclusions based on statements or arguments, and to identify the strengths and weaknesses of those arguments.
Example Question:
To every question there is an answer.
From this statement, which of the following is not possible?
a) There is an answer that does not address any question.
b) If there is a question, then it has an answer.
c) Miguel answered me, though I did not ask a question.
d) The lecturer discussed questions that have no answer.
Answer Explanation:
Option 4 is the correct answer. If “every question has an answer”, then the statement “the lecturer discussed questions that have no answer” cannot be true. Therefore, answer D is not possible.
* TEST BEGINS HERE *
DIRECTIONS: Each item in this section consists of a statement or a passage followed by several assumptions. Determine the best assumption that can be logically made from the given statement or passage. On your Answer Sheet, shade completely the box that corresponds to your answer.
1. Gigi is probably a pianist. She can really stretch her hands and fingers.
ASSUMPTION:
1. Only people with big hands and long fingers can be pianists.
2. Playing the piano helps Gigi stretch her hands and fingers.
3. Stretching helps pianist perform better
4. A long stretch enables pianists to reach more keys on the piano
5. Pianists can really stretch their hands and fingers
2. Arlene should not be part of the basketball team because she does not trust her team-mates.
ASSUMPTION:
1. The Basketball team needs Arlene even if she can has no faith in them
2. Team mates should have faith in each other
3. Arlene’s team mates are not trustworthy
4. Arlene’s team mates do not have faith in the teams
5. Arlene is better than her team mates
3. If you are so smart, then why aren’t you rich?
ASSUMPTION:
1. To become rich is difficult
2. Only the rich are smart
3. Only the smart are rich
4. All rich people are smart
5. All smart people are rich
4. In order to improve our admission process and get better students, we have decided to include an interview of the applicants as a criterion.
ASSUMPTION:
1. Current admission procedures are greatly inadequate
2. current admission criteria need to be updated
3. An interview of the applicants will help draw better students
4. An interview of the applicants will be too time consuming
5. An interview of the applicants will ensure the students success in school
5. The present administration helps poor people acquire basic necessities for living that is why it helps quarter dwellers like Aling Rosie
ASSUMPTION:
1. The present administration hates rich people
2. Aling Rosie asked the present administration to help her
3. Squatter dwellers pretended to be poor
4. Squatter dwellers compete with poor people for the present administration’s attention
5. Squatter dwellers are considered poor people
DIRECTION: Each item in this section consists of statements followed by several possible conclusions. Assume that all statements are true, then determine the best conclusion that can be logically made from the given statements. On your Answer Sheet, shade completely the box that corresponds to your answer.
6. Artists are never ham-handed. All artists are inquisitive. Peter is not ham-handed.
Florence is not inquisitive.
CONCLUSION:
1. Peter is an artist
2. Peter is not an artist
3. Florence is not an artists
4. Florence is not an artists
5. Inquisitive people are not ham-handed
7. Subscribing to Cable T.V. is a luxury. All luxuries are needles expenditures. Having a cellular phone is not a luxury. Dining in a Five-Star hotel is a needless expenditure
CONCLUSION:
1. Having a cellular phone is not a needless expenditure
2. Subscribing to Cable TV is a needless expenditure
3. Subscribing to cable TV is not a needless expenditure
4. Dining in a Five-Star hotel is not a luxury
5. Dining in a Five-Star hotel is a luxury
8. Some managers are not analytical. All managers are ruthless. Vicente is Ruthless.
CONCLUSION:
1. Vicente is a manager but is not analytical
2. Vicente is analytical but is not a manager
3. Some ruthless managers are not analytical
4. Not all analytical managers are ruthless
5. All ruthless people are analytical
9. All of my friends believe in marriage. Geraldine is a new friend. She lives with an officemate in an apartment downtown.
CONCLUSION:
1. Her housemate is most likely a good friend
2. She is living-in with her boyfriend
3. She needs a companion in the city
4. Geraldine believes in marriage
5. Geraldine is not married yet
10. There are fewer juvenile delinquents in communities where the youth participate actively in different socio-civic and religious clubs. Barangay X has a number of youth clubs.
CONCLUSION:
1. Barangay X has fewer juvenile delinquents than other barangays
2. Parents in Barangay X exert great efforts to prevent juvenile delinquency
3. Municipal officials encourage the organization of youth clubs
4. Community development workers in Baranggay X give training in organizing youth clubs
5. All young people in Baranggay X are member of at least two youth clubs.
DIRECTION: For each item in this section, determine the relationship between the first and the second numbers or the first and third number. From among the suggested answer, choose the number that will complete the analogy.
11. 32 is to 9 as 92 is to __________
1. 18
2. 27
3. 72
4. 81
5. 90
12. 30% is to 3/5 as 60% is to __________
1. 1 1/5
2. 1 1/4
3. 3 1/2
4. 2 1/3
5. 2 3/4
13. 0.25 is to 0.125 as 1.25 is to __________
1. 6.250
2. 2.125
3. 1.625
4. 1.125
5. 0.625
14. 12.5 is to 1/8 as 20 is to __________
1. 1/6
2. 1/5
3. 1/4
4. 1/3
5. 1/2
15. 6 is to 15 as 36 is to ___________
1. 90
2. 82
3. 75
4. 72
5. 60
16) 0.75 is to 3/4 as 0.8 is to _______
1. 2/3
2. 4/5
3. 5/6
4. 6/7
5. 3/5
17) 75% is to 1/2 as 45% is to _______
1. 3/11
2. 3/10
3. 3/4
4. 2/3
5. 3/5
18) 0.25 is to 0.125 as to 1.25 is to _______
1. 0.625
2. 1.125
3. 1.625
4. 2.125
5. 6.250
19) 2 is to 50 as 3.2 is to _______
1. 60
2. 70
3. 80
4. 90
5. 160
20) 14 is to 28 as 5 is to _______
1. 7
2. 8
3. 9
4. 10
5. 15
21) 1 is to 1/4 as 5/25 is to _______
1. 1/16
2. 1/18
3. 2/6
4. 3/4
5. 1/20
22) 0.35 is to 7 as 0.45 is to _______
1. 8
2. 9
3. 12
4. 14
5. 0.9
23) 1/3 is to 2/18 as 1/12 is to _______
1. 2/72
2. 2/48
3. 3/36
4. 3/25
5. 1/72
24) 3/8 is to 12/32 as 2/5 is to _______
1. 8/20
2. 10/23
3. 6/13
4. 4/6
5. 5/6
25) 1/3 is to 3/7 as 1/6 is to _______
1. 3/14
2. 1/5
3. 1/4
4. 1/3
5. 1/2
26) 0.4 is to 2/5 as 0.6 is to _______
1. 20
2. 4/5
3. 3/10
4. 3/5
5. 1/5
27) 0.2 is to 0.4 as 0.3 is to _______
1. 0.009
2. 0.0009
3. 0.09
4. 0.9
5. 9.0
28) 8 is to 2^3 as 27 is to _______
1. 3^3
2. 5^3
3. 9^3
4. 3^9
5. 4^3
29) 0.5 is to 1/2 as 0.65 is to _______
1. 11/20
2. 13/20
3. 15/20
4. 17/20
5. 14/20
30) 1/3 is to 3 as 2/8 is to _______
1. 2
2. 4
3. 6
4. 8
5. 10
31) 30% is to 3/5 as 80% is to _______
1. 1 1/5
2. 1 2/5
3. 1 3/5
4. 1 4/5
5. 2
32) 0.30 is to 0.075 as 0.15 is to _______
1. 0.000375
2. 0.00375
3. 0.0375
4. 0.375
5. none
33) 2/5 is to 20% as ¾ is to _______
1. 35.5%
2. 37.0%
3. 37.5%
4. 39.0%
5. 36.5%
34) 625 is to 81 as 5 is to _______
1. 3
2. 4
3. 6
4. 9
5. 0.648
35) 8 is to 11 as 36 is to _______
1. 49.50
2. 55.00
3. 59.50
4. 65.00
5. 69.50
16) 0.75 is to 3/4 as 0.8 is to _______
1. 2/3
2. 4/5
3. 5/6
4. 6/7
5. 3/5
17) 75% is to 1/2 as 45% is to _______
1. 3/11
2. 3/10
3. 3/4
4. 2/3
5. 3/5
18) 0.25 is to 0.125 as to 1.25 is to _______
1. 0.625
2. 1.125
3. 1.625
4. 2.125
5. 6.250
19) 2 is to 50 as 3.2 is to _______
1. 60
2. 70
3. 80
4. 90
5. 160
20) 14 is to 28 as 5 is to _______
1. 7
2. 8
3. 9
4. 10
5. 15
21) 1 is to 1/4 as 5/25 is to _______
1. 1/16
2. 1/18
3. 2/6
4. 3/4
5. 1/20
22) 0.35 is to 7 as 0.45 is to _______
1. 8
2. 9
3. 12
4. 14
5. 0.9
23) 1/3 is to 2/18 as 1/12 is to _______
1. 2/72
2. 2/48
3. 3/36
4. 3/25
5. 1/72
24) 3/8 is to 12/32 as 2/5 is to _______
1. 8/20
2. 10/23
3. 6/13
4. 4/6
5. 5/6
25) 1/3 is to 3/7 as 1/6 is to _______
1. 3/14
2. 1/5
3. 1/4
4. 1/3
5. 1/2
26) 0.4 is to 2/5 as 0.6 is to _______
1. 20
2. 4/5
3. 3/10
4. 3/5
5. 1/5
27) 0.2 is to 0.4 as 0.3 is to _______
1. 0.009
2. 0.0009
3. 0.09
4. 0.9
5. 9.0
28) 8 is to 2^3 as 27 is to _______
1. 3^3
2. 5^3
3. 9^3
4. 3^9
5. 4^3
29) 0.5 is to 1/2 as 0.65 is to _______
1. 11/20
2. 13/20
3. 15/20
4. 17/20
5. 14/20
30) 1/3 is to 3 as 2/8 is to _______
1. 2
2. 4
3. 6
4. 8
5. 10
31) 30% is to 3/5 as 80% is to _______
1. 1 1/5
2. 1 2/5
3. 1 3/5
4. 1 4/5
5. 2
32) 0.30 is to 0.075 as 0.15 is to _______
1. 0.000375
2. 0.00375
3. 0.0375
4. 0.375
5. none
33) 2/5 is to 20% as ¾ is to _______
1. 35.5%
2. 37.0%
3. 37.5%
4. 39.0%
5. 36.5%
34) 625 is to 81 as 5 is to _______
1. 3
2. 4
3. 6
4. 9
5. 0.648
35) 8 is to 11 as 36 is to _______
1. 49.50
2. 55.00
3. 59.50
4. 65.00
5. 69.50
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Read also the post on Civil Service Exam Reviewer for Numerical Reasoning.
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